Housing in Tornado Alley--Why?

I am up late reading the tornado news out of Moore, Oklahoma and other areas devastated by tornadoes in the past few days. My deepest condolences go out to all of the families who have lost their loved ones, their homes and their livelihoods.

This area, "Tornado Alley," is a very dangerous place to live during certain parts of the year because of these tornadoes. I happen to live at the very bottom of this zone in a Monolithic Dome. The tragic circumstances of yesterday bring some questions to mind.

Dome Sweet Dome during the rainy season.

If we sent our loved ones to live on Mars, would we make sure their housing was strong enough to withstand the strongest Martian winds? Unquestionably.

Even in the artist's depiction of life on Mars in Cosmos Magazine, the conventional home is encased in a protective dome.

Why then, do we persist in building stick houses in Tornado Alley?

At about 5:38 pm on a hot, humid afternoon, an EF4 tornado – possibly an EF5 – with winds of about 200 mph hit little Blanchard, Oklahoma and its 3225 residents.*

One of those homes – a thin shell concrete dome – constructed in 1981 by an independent builder took a direct hit.

All kinds of debris were hurled into the residence...even a car!

The windows were blown out during the tornado...but the shell survived.

"Dome Shape Survives Direct Tornado Hit – On May 24, 2011 in Blanchard, OK, this house, which is a thin shell concrete dome but not a Monolithic Dome, was hit by an EF4 or EF5 tornado. Although badly damaged by heavy, flying debris, the dome shell survived. That, we think, is a testament to the dome shape. Conventional homes hit by this tornado were flattened and swept off their foundations."(Josh South) Nothing survived this tornado around the dome...even the trees were stripped!

According to The Monolithic Dome Institute,

"A few days after the tornado, Josh South of South Industries, Inc., who was in Oklahoma working on Monolithic Domes being built for a school in nearby Dale, visited Blanchard, talked with Debbie, inspected and photographed the dome.

Josh said that he could see that although the home was a thin shell concrete dome, it was not a Monolithic Dome. Josh sent the photographs and reported his findings to Mike South, vice-president/operations director at Monolithic.

Mike said, "Even in those early days (1981) of this technology, that dome was not properly reinforced. It was built primarily with steel fibers, had only a few steel reinforcing bars (rebar) running vertically but none running horizontally. Monolithic Domes are reinforced with rebar running in both directions. Its Airform had been removed so the urethane really got battered.

“If it was a Monolithic Dome, it wouldn’t have had any cracks in the shell whatsoever,” Mike added. “But it’s still a testament to the dome shape! What other shape could have survived that kind of destructive force?”

For argument's sake, let's say a tornado-proof home isn't an option. Then, why aren't our children protected in school buildings built to withstand Tornado Alley winds?

FEMA will even fund or partially fund storm shelters in these areas...shelters that can be schools and gymnasiums. The Monolithic Dome Institute has been trying to get the word out and continues to try to make the world a safer place.

Monolithic Dome Tornado Shelter/Community Center at Wilkins Park in Licking County, Ohio.  Safe for 125 occupants.  Funded ¼ by Mobile Home Park and ¾ by FEMA. 

Niangua’s Disaster Shelter — This Monolithic Dome located in Niangua, Missouri has a diameter of 61.4 feet and a height of 21 feet that includes a nine-foot-high stemwall.

This is the 21st century...we know how to build beautiful, safe buildings. Let's build them and get on with living healthy, happy, safe lives!

*Update to article per E-mail exchange with Debbie Cox Leonard. The home described in this article was originally called the "Jones Residence." In actuality it belonged to the Cox family. Thank you to readers who care enough to send me corrections!

Engineering Quote of the Week - Helmut Jahn

"A good engineer thinks in reverse and asks himself about the stylistic consequences of the components and systems he proposes."

~Helmut Jahn

Auto Reboot - Cartoon Thursday

This cartoon is based on an old engineering joke aimed at anyone in the computer engineering field.

Four Engineers and a Broken Car

There are four engineers travelling in a car; a mechanical engineer, a chemical engineer, an electrical engineer and a computer engineer. The car breaks down.

"Sounds to me as if the pistons have seized. We'll have to strip down the engine before we can get the car working again", says the mechanical engineer.

"Well", says the chemical engineer, "it sounded to me as if the fuel might be contaminated. I think we should clear out the fuel system."

"I thought it might be an grounding problem", says the electrical engineer, "or maybe a faulty plug lead."

They all turn to the computer engineer who has said nothing and say: "Well, what do you think?" "Ummm - perhaps if we all get out of the car and get back in again?"
(engineeringhumor.com)

Engineering Quote of the Week - Sir Henry Royce

"Strive for perfection in everything you do. Take the best that exists and make it better. When it does not exist, design it."

~Sir Henry Royce

Waiting on Math - Cartoon Thursday

This cartoon is based on this old math joke:

Two mathematicians were having dinner in a restaurant, arguing about the average mathematical knowledge of the American public. One mathematician claimed that this average was woefully inadequate, the other maintained that it was surprisingly high.

"I'll tell you what," said the cynic, "ask that waitress a simple math question. If she gets it right, I'll pick up dinner. If not, you do". He then excused himself to visit the men's room, and the other called the waitress over.

"When my friend comes back," he told her, "I'm going to ask you a question, and I want you to respond `one third x cubed.' There's twenty bucks in it for you." She agreed.

The cynic returned from the bathroom and called the waitress over. "The food was wonderful, thank you," the mathematician started. "Incidentally, do you know what the integral of x squared is?"

The waitress looked pensive; almost pained. She looked around the room, at her feet, made gurgling noises, and finally said, "Um, one third x cubed?"

So the cynic paid the check. The waitress wheeled around, walked a few paces away, looked back at the two men, and muttered under her breath, "...plus a constant." (Math Jokes and Archimedes)

Engineering Quote of the Week - James Kip Finch

"The engineer has been, and is, a maker of history." ~James Kip Finch

Mean Psychology (A Statistics Cartoon) - Cartoon Thursday

It's hard to be mu.